Cell Potential
| Formula / Notation | E_cell = E_cathode − E_anode; ΔG = −nFE_cell |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Electromotive force (EMF), cell EMF, electrode potential difference, E_cell |
What is Cell Potential?
Cell potential (electromotive force, EMF) is the voltage or electrical potential difference between the cathode and anode of an electrochemical cell. It is measured in volts and represents the driving force for the cell reaction. Standard cell potential (E°cell) is calculated as E°cathode − E°anode using standard electrode potentials. Positive cell potential indicates a spontaneous reaction.
Formula & Notation
Other Names / Synonyms: Electromotive force (EMF), cell EMF, electrode potential difference, E_cell
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
Cell potential (electromotive force, EMF) is the voltage or electrical potential difference between the cathode and anode of an electrochemical cell. It is measured in volts and represents the driving force for the cell reaction. Standard cell potential (E°cell) is calculated as E°cathode − E°anode using standard electrode potentials. Positive cell potential indicates a spontaneous reaction.
Cell potential is used to predict spontaneity of redox reactions, design batteries and fuel cells, calculate equilibrium constants (ln K = nFE°/RT), and in potentiometric analytical methods (pH electrodes, ion-selective electrodes, potentiometric titrations).
High cell potentials in industrial electrolysis cells (aluminium smelting: ~4.5 V at high current) represent serious electrical hazards. Battery short-circuits can deliver enormous currents, causing fires and explosions. Follow electrical safety protocols.
The formula or notation for Cell Potential is: E_cell = E_cathode − E_anode; ΔG = −nFE_cell