Cation
| Formula / Notation | M^n+ |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Positive ion, metal ion (when from metal), electrophilic ion |
What is Cation?
A cation is a positively charged ion formed when an atom or molecule loses one or more electrons. Cations are attracted to the negatively charged cathode during electrolysis. Metals typically form cations. Common cations include sodium (Na⁺), calcium (Ca²⁺), iron(III) (Fe³⁺), and ammonium (NH₄⁺). Cation size generally decreases with increasing charge for the same element.
Formula & Notation
Other Names / Synonyms: Positive ion, metal ion (when from metal), electrophilic ion
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
A cation is a positively charged ion formed when an atom or molecule loses one or more electrons. Cations are attracted to the negatively charged cathode during electrolysis. Metals typically form cations. Common cations include sodium (Na⁺), calcium (Ca²⁺), iron(III) (Fe³⁺), and ammonium (NH₄⁺). Cation size generally decreases with increasing charge for the same element.
Cations are essential components of ionic compounds, electrolyte solutions, and biological systems. Na⁺ and K⁺ regulate nerve impulses; Ca²⁺ is crucial for bone structure and muscle contraction; Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ is central to haemoglobin and enzyme function. Metal cations are the active sites in many indus…
Cation toxicity varies widely: Na⁺ is essential, Pb²⁺ and Hg²⁺ are highly toxic heavy metal cations. Many transition metal cations cause skin and respiratory sensitisation. Consult the SDS for any specific ionic compound before handling.
The formula or notation for Cation is: M^n+