C

Calorie

Quick Reference
Also Known Ascal, thermochemical calorie, small calorie, kilocalorie (kcal), food Calorie (Cal)

What is Calorie?

The calorie (cal) is a unit of energy defined as the heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C at 15°C. The nutritional Calorie (kcal) equals 1000 calories. In SI units, 1 calorie = 4.184 joules. Though largely replaced by the joule in scientific work, calories remain in common use in nutrition and food science.

Properties & Characteristics

The calorie is a unit of heat energy defined as the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C (from 14.5°C to 15.5°C). The SI unit of energy is the joule (J); 1 cal = 4.184 J exactly (thermochemical calorie). The nutritional Calorie (capital C) equals 1 kilocalorie. In chemistry, the calorie has largely been replaced by the joule, though caloric values in food science remain common.

Uses & Applications

Calories are used in food energy labelling, bomb calorimetry data reporting (older literature), thermochemical tables, and exercise physiology. Heats of combustion of fuels were historically reported in kcal/mol; conversion to kJ/mol is standard in modern chemistry.

Safety Information

No direct safety concern for the unit itself. Calorimetric experiments involving combustion require safe handling of combustible materials and high-pressure oxygen bombs. Excessive caloric intake leads to metabolic disorders — relevant in nutrition science but not laboratory safety.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Calorie
Synonyms cal, thermochemical calorie, small calorie, kilocalorie (kcal), food Calorie (Cal)

Frequently Asked Questions

The calorie (cal) is a unit of energy defined as the heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C at 15°C. The nutritional Calorie (kcal) equals 1000 calories. In SI units, 1 calorie = 4.184 joules. Though largely replaced by the joule in scientific work, calories remain in common use in nutrition and food science.

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