B

Breeder Reactor

²³⁸U+n→²³⁹U→²³⁹Np→²³⁹Pu (neutron capture + beta decays)
Quick Reference
Formula / Notation²³⁸U+n→²³⁹U→²³⁹Np→²³⁹Pu (neutron capture + beta decays)
Also Known AsFast breeder reactor (FBR), breeder, fast neutron reactor, liquid metal fast breeder reactor (LMFBR)

What is Breeder Reactor?

A breeder reactor is a nuclear reactor that generates more fissile material than it consumes by converting fertile material (such as uranium-238 or thorium-232) into fissile isotopes (such as plutonium-239 or uranium-233) through neutron capture. Breeder reactors can extend nuclear fuel supplies substantially, though they present significant technical and proliferation challenges.

Formula & Notation

²³⁸U+n→²³⁹U→²³⁹Np→²³⁹Pu (neutron capture + beta decays)

Other Names / Synonyms: Fast breeder reactor (FBR), breeder, fast neutron reactor, liquid metal fast breeder reactor (LMFBR)

Properties & Characteristics

A breeder reactor is a type of nuclear reactor that generates more fissile material than it consumes by converting fertile isotopes (e.g., ²³⁸U or ²³²Th) into fissile ones (²³⁹Pu or ²³³U) through neutron capture and subsequent beta decay. Fast breeder reactors use unmoderated fast neutrons. The breeding ratio (fissile produced/fissile consumed) can exceed 1.0, potentially extending nuclear fuel resources by factors of 50-100.

Uses & Applications

Breeder reactors are designed to extend nuclear fuel reserves, manage radioactive waste by transmuting long-lived actinides, and produce plutonium-239 for nuclear fuel. Russia (BN-800), France, and India have operated or are building fast breeder reactors.

Safety Information

Breeder reactors typically use liquid sodium coolant, which is highly reactive with water and air, introducing unique fire and explosion hazards. Plutonium is both fissile and highly radiotoxic. Stringent containment, safeguards against proliferation, and emergency cooling systems are mandatory.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Breeder Reactor
Formula ²³⁸U+n→²³⁹U→²³⁹Np→²³⁹Pu (neutron capture + beta decays)
Synonyms Fast breeder reactor (FBR), breeder, fast neutron reactor, liquid metal fast breeder reactor (LMFBR)

Frequently Asked Questions

A breeder reactor is a nuclear reactor that generates more fissile material than it consumes by converting fertile material (such as uranium-238 or thorium-232) into fissile isotopes (such as plutonium-239 or uranium-233) through neutron capture. Breeder reactors can extend nuclear fuel supplies substantially, though they present significant technical and proliferation challenges.

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