Boron Hydrides
| Formula / Notation | BH₃; B₂H₆; B₄H₁₀ |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Boranes, boron-hydrogen compounds, electron-deficient hydrides, Wade cluster hydrides |
What is Boron Hydrides?
Boron hydrides (boranes) are a series of compounds consisting of boron and hydrogen, with the general formula BₓHᵧ. They are unusual because they are electron-deficient: they have too few electrons for conventional two-centre, two-electron bonds, and instead form three-centre, two-electron bonds. Diborane (B₂H₆) is the simplest borane. Boranes are used as rocket fuels and reducing agents.
Formula & Notation
Other Names / Synonyms: Boranes, boron-hydrogen compounds, electron-deficient hydrides, Wade cluster hydrides
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
Boron hydrides (boranes) are a series of compounds consisting of boron and hydrogen, with the general formula BₓHᵧ. They are unusual because they are electron-deficient: they have too few electrons for conventional two-centre, two-electron bonds, and instead form three-centre, two-electron bonds. Diborane (B₂H₆) is the simplest borane. Boranes are used as rocket fuels and reducing agents.
Boranes are used as reducing agents in organic synthesis (hydroboration-oxidation, converting alkenes to alcohols with anti-Markovnikov regioselectivity). Sodium borohydride (NaBH₄) is a common laboratory reductant. Carboranes are used in neutron capture therapy for brain tumours.
Diborane (B₂H₆) is highly toxic, flammable, and pyrophoric. It reacts violently with water. It is a serious inhalation hazard and must be handled in a fume hood with gas-specific detectors. Higher boranes are similarly toxic and reactive.
The formula or notation for Boron Hydrides is: BH₃; B₂H₆; B₄H₁₀