B

Bomb Calorimeter

q = C_v·ΔT; q_rxn = −q_cal
Quick Reference
Formula / Notationq = C_v·ΔT; q_rxn = −q_cal
Also Known AsConstant-volume calorimeter, combustion calorimeter, oxygen bomb calorimeter

What is Bomb Calorimeter?

A bomb calorimeter is a constant-volume calorimeter used to measure the heat of combustion of a substance. The sample is placed in a strong steel vessel (the "bomb") filled with oxygen under pressure and ignited electrically. The heat released is absorbed by a surrounding water bath, and the temperature change is used to calculate the enthalpy of combustion.

Formula & Notation

q = C_v·ΔT; q_rxn = −q_cal

Other Names / Synonyms: Constant-volume calorimeter, combustion calorimeter, oxygen bomb calorimeter

Properties & Characteristics

A bomb calorimeter is a constant-volume device used to measure the heat of combustion of substances. The sample is placed in a sealed steel "bomb" filled with high-pressure oxygen and ignited electrically. The heat released raises the temperature of a surrounding water bath. Since volume is constant, the measured heat is ΔU (internal energy change). ΔH is calculated from ΔH = ΔU + Δn_gas·RT.

Uses & Applications

Bomb calorimeters are used to determine calorific values of fuels, food energy content (Calories), explosives characterisation, and thermochemical data for industrial processes. They provide the most accurate measurement of heats of combustion for solids and liquids.

Safety Information

The high-pressure oxygen atmosphere inside a bomb calorimeter makes it an explosion hazard if the sample amount is excessive, the bomb is not properly sealed, or combustible gases are accidentally introduced. Always follow manufacturer's loading limits. Perform leak tests before each run.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Bomb Calorimeter
Formula q = C_v·ΔT; q_rxn = −q_cal
Synonyms Constant-volume calorimeter, combustion calorimeter, oxygen bomb calorimeter

Frequently Asked Questions

A bomb calorimeter is a constant-volume calorimeter used to measure the heat of combustion of a substance. The sample is placed in a strong steel vessel (the "bomb") filled with oxygen under pressure and ignited electrically. The heat released is absorbed by a surrounding water bath, and the temperature change is used to calculate the enthalpy of combustion.

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