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Young's Modulus

E = σ × ε; σ = F/A; ε = ΔL/L₀; units: Pa
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationE = σ × ε; σ = F/A; ε = ΔL/L₀; units: Pa
Also Known AsElastic modulus, tensile modulus, modulus of elasticity, E-modulus

What is Young's Modulus?

A measure of the stiffness of an elastic material (tensile elasticity), defined as the ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain. Measured in pascals (Pa). Materials with high Young's modulus (like steel, diamond) are stiff; those with low values (like rubber) are flexible.

Formula & Notation

E = σ × ε; σ = F/A; ε = ΔL/L₀; units: Pa

Other Names / Synonyms: Elastic modulus, tensile modulus, modulus of elasticity, E-modulus

Properties & Characteristics

Young's modulus (elastic modulus) is the ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain in the linear elastic region of a material's stress-strain curve. It measures the stiffness of a solid material — higher values indicate stiffer materials. It is an intrinsic material property independent of sample geometry. Steel has a Young's modulus of about 200 GPa; rubber about 0.01-0.1 GPa.

Uses & Applications

Young's modulus is used by engineers to select materials for structural applications requiring specific stiffness. It is used to model the deformation of beams, columns, and pressure vessels under load. In biomechanics, the elastic modulus of biological tissues is important for designing implants and prosthetics.

Safety Information

Materials with low Young's modulus are more easily deformed and may fail under unexpected loads. Brittle materials (high modulus, low ductility) can fracture suddenly without warning. Proper material selection based on Young's modulus prevents structural failures.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Young's Modulus
Formula E = σ × ε; σ = F/A; ε = ΔL/L₀; units: Pa
Synonyms Elastic modulus, tensile modulus, modulus of elasticity, E-modulus

Frequently Asked Questions

A measure of the stiffness of an elastic material (tensile elasticity), defined as the ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain. Measured in pascals (Pa). Materials with high Young's modulus (like steel, diamond) are stiff; those with low values (like rubber) are flexible.

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