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Galvanic Cell

Zn(s)|ZnSO₄(aq)||CuSO₄(aq)|Cu(s); E°_cell = +1.10 V
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationZn(s)|ZnSO₄(aq)||CuSO₄(aq)|Cu(s); E°_cell = +1.10 V
Also Known AsVoltaic cell, electrochemical cell, Daniell cell, battery cell

What is Galvanic Cell?

An electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy from a spontaneous redox reaction into electrical energy. Also called a voltaic cell. Consists of two half-cells connected by a salt bridge. The anode (negative) undergoes oxidation; the cathode (positive) undergoes reduction.

Formula & Notation

Zn(s)|ZnSO₄(aq)||CuSO₄(aq)|Cu(s); E°_cell = +1.10 V

Other Names / Synonyms: Voltaic cell, electrochemical cell, Daniell cell, battery cell

Properties & Characteristics

A galvanic cell (voltaic cell) is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a spontaneous redox reaction into electrical energy. It consists of two half-cells connected by a salt bridge (which maintains electrical neutrality) and an external circuit. The anode undergoes oxidation (negative electrode); the cathode undergoes reduction (positive electrode). The Daniell cell (Zn-Cu) is the classic example with E°_cell = +1.10 V.

Uses & Applications

Galvanic cells are the basis of all batteries (primary cells like zinc-carbon and alkaline, secondary cells like lead-acid and lithium-ion), fuel cells, and corrosion cells. Standard electrode potentials are measured using galvanic cell arrangements vs. the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE).

Safety Information

Galvanic cells in batteries can short-circuit, overheat, and cause fires or explosions. Lithium metal cells react violently with water. Lead-acid batteries produce H₂ during charging — ensure ventilation. Never short-circuit any battery. Electrolyte solutions (H₂SO₄, KOH) are corrosive.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Galvanic Cell
Formula Zn(s)|ZnSO₄(aq)||CuSO₄(aq)|Cu(s); E°_cell = +1.10 V
Synonyms Voltaic cell, electrochemical cell, Daniell cell, battery cell

Frequently Asked Questions

An electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy from a spontaneous redox reaction into electrical energy. Also called a voltaic cell. Consists of two half-cells connected by a salt bridge. The anode (negative) undergoes oxidation; the cathode (positive) undergoes reduction.

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