Chlorine
Chlorine is a yellow-green diatomic halogen gas, atomic number 17, with pungent suffocating odour. Powerful oxidising agent and disinfectant. Used as chemical warfare agent in WWI.…
Elements
Pure substances that cannot be broken down by chemical means
118 chemicals in this category
Chromium
Chromium is a hard, lustrous transition metal, atomic number 24. Famous for its corrosion resistance and bright finish in electroplating. Chromium(III) compounds are relatively saf…
Cobalt
Cobalt is a hard, lustrous, silver-grey transition metal, atomic number 27. Used since antiquity to produce blue colour in glass and ceramics (cobalt blue). Essential trace element…
Copernicium
Copernicium is a synthetic radioactive transactinide element named after Nicolaus Copernicus. It may be a gas at room temperature due to relativistic effects. First synthesised in …
Copper
Copper is a ductile, malleable transition metal with excellent electrical and thermal conductivity. One of the few naturally occurring metallic elements, copper has been used by hu…
Curium
Curium is a transuranic radioactive actinide named in honour of Pierre and Marie Curie. It was the third transuranic element to be discovered. Curium-244 is used as an alpha-partic…
Darmstadtium
Darmstadtium is a synthetic radioactive transactinide element named after Darmstadt, Germany. Expected to behave similarly to platinum. First synthesised in 1994 at GSI Darmstadt.
Dubnium
Dubnium is a synthetic radioactive transactinide element named after Dubna, Russia. It is expected to behave similarly to tantalum. First synthesised jointly by Soviet and American…
Dysprosium
Dysprosium is a silvery rare earth metal, atomic number 66. Second only to holmium in magnetic moment per atom. Critical component of high-performance NdFeB magnets where Dy additi…
Einsteinium
Einsteinium is a synthetic radioactive actinide named after Albert Einstein. It was first identified in the debris of the first hydrogen bomb test (Ivy Mike) in 1952. Only nanogram…
Erbium
Erbium is a soft, silvery rare earth metal, atomic number 68. Produces characteristic pink/rose colour in glass and gemstones. Er-doped fibre amplifiers (EDFAs) are essential for l…
Europium
Europium is a soft, silvery rare earth metal, atomic number 63. The most reactive lanthanide - reacts readily with water and air. Famous for its bright red (Eu3+) and blue (Eu2+) l…
Fermium
Fermium is a synthetic radioactive actinide named after Enrico Fermi. Also first identified in Ivy Mike test debris in 1952. It is the heaviest element that can be produced in usef…
Flerovium
Flerovium is a synthetic radioactive element named after the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions in Dubna. Due to relativistic effects it may behave more like a noble gas than a…
Fluorine
Fluorine is the lightest halogen and the most electronegative and reactive of all elements. It is a pale yellow diatomic gas at room temperature. Fluorine forms compounds with almo…
Francium
Francium is a highly radioactive alkali metal and the second-rarest naturally occurring element. It occurs only as a decay product of actinium. Its chemistry resembles caesium, tho…
Gadolinium
Gadolinium is a silvery-white rare earth metal, atomic number 64. Has the highest thermal neutron absorption cross-section of any stable element. Paramagnetic at room temperature w…
Gallium
Gallium is a soft, silvery metal, atomic number 31. Famous for melting just above room temperature (29.8 C) - it melts in the palm of your hand. Gallium arsenide (GaAs) and gallium…
Germanium
Germanium is a lustrous, hard metalloid, atomic number 32. Its existence was predicted by Mendeleev (as eka-silicon) before its discovery in 1886. Important semiconductor material …
Gold
Gold is a bright, dense, malleable precious metal, atomic number 79. The most malleable and ductile pure metal. Chemically unreactive - resists corrosion and oxidation. Used as cur…