R

Relative Molecular Mass

Mr = Σ Ar
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationMr = Σ Ar
Also Known AsMolecular weight, Mr, formula weight (for ionic), molar mass (g/mol equivalent)

What is Relative Molecular Mass?

The relative molecular mass (Mr, also called molecular weight) is the ratio of the average mass of a molecule to one-twelfth of the mass of a carbon-12 atom. It is calculated by summing the relative atomic masses of all atoms in the molecular formula. It is a dimensionless quantity and is numerically equal to the molar mass expressed in g/mol.

Formula & Notation

Mr = Σ Ar

Other Names / Synonyms: Molecular weight, Mr, formula weight (for ionic), molar mass (g/mol equivalent)

Properties & Characteristics

Mr = sum of all Ar values in molecular formula. Dimensionless. Numerically equal to molar mass (g/mol). Example: H₂O: 2(1.008) + 15.999 = 18.015. CO₂: 12.011 + 2(15.999) = 44.009. C₆H₁₂O₆ (glucose): 180.16. Measured experimentally by mass spectrometry, osmometry, light scattering.

Uses & Applications

Calculating moles from mass (n = m/Mr). Preparing solutions of known molarity. Stoichiometric calculations. Identifying compounds by mass spectrometry. Pharmaceutical dosing. Quality control of chemicals. Polymer molecular weight determination.

Safety Information

Theoretical concept — no direct safety concerns.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Relative Molecular Mass
Formula Mr = Σ Ar
Synonyms Molecular weight, Mr, formula weight (for ionic), molar mass (g/mol equivalent)

Frequently Asked Questions

The relative molecular mass (Mr, also called molecular weight) is the ratio of the average mass of a molecule to one-twelfth of the mass of a carbon-12 atom. It is calculated by summing the relative atomic masses of all atoms in the molecular formula. It is a dimensionless quantity and is numerically equal to the molar mass expressed in g/mol.

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