O

Octanoic acid

IUPAC: octanoic acid

C8H16O2 Acids CAS 124-07-2
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Quick Reference
Formula / NotationC8H16O2
CAS Number124-07-2
Molecular Weight144.21
Melting Point61 to 62 °F (NTP, 1992)
Boiling Point463.5 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)
Density0.91 (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float
Solubilityless than 1 mg/mL at 64 °F (NTP, 1992)
AppearanceOctanoic acid appears as a colorless to light yellow liquid with a mild odor. Burns, but may be difficult to ignite. Corrosive to metals and tissue.
Also Known Ascaprylic acid; 124-07-2; n-octanoic acid; n-caprylic acid; Octylic acid; octoic acid; n-octylic acid; 1-heptanecarboxylic acid; n-Octoic acid; Enantic acid
CategoryAcids

What is Octanoic acid?

Octanoic acid is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is heptane in which one of the hydrogens of a terminal methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group. Octanoic acid is also known as caprylic acid. It has a role as an antibacterial agent, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a human metabolite. It is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid and a medium-chain fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of an octanoate.

Formula & Notation

C8H16O2

IUPAC Name: octanoic acid

Other Names / Synonyms: caprylic acid; 124-07-2; n-octanoic acid; n-caprylic acid; Octylic acid; octoic acid; n-octylic acid; 1-heptanecarboxylic acid; n-Octoic acid; Enantic acid

Properties & Characteristics

Appearance: Octanoic acid appears as a colorless to light yellow liquid with a mild odor. Burns, but may be difficult to ignite. Corrosive to metals and tissue.. Molecular formula: C8H16O2. Molecular weight: 144.21 g/mol. Boiling point: 463.5 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992). Melting point: 61 to 62 °F (NTP, 1992). Density: 0.91 (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float. Solubility: less than 1 mg/mL at 64 °F (NTP, 1992). Vapor pressure: 1 mmHg at 198.1 °F ; 5 mmHg at 237.4 °F; 760 mmHg at 459.5 °F (NTP, 1992). LogP: 3.

Physical Data

PropertyValue
Melting Point61 to 62 °F (NTP, 1992)
Boiling Point463.5 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)
Density0.91 (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float
Molecular Weight144.21
Solubilityless than 1 mg/mL at 64 °F (NTP, 1992)
AppearanceOctanoic acid appears as a colorless to light yellow liquid with a mild odor. Burns, but may be difficult to ignite. Corrosive to metals and tissue.

Uses & Applications

Used in industrial chemical synthesis, fertilizer production, battery electrolytes, metal processing, and laboratory acid-base reactions.

Safety Information

Corrosive. Causes severe burns to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Wear appropriate PPE including gloves, goggles, and lab coat. Consult SDS before use.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Octanoic acid
Formula C8H16O2
CAS Number 124-07-2
Molecular Weight 144.21
Category Acids
Synonyms caprylic acid; 124-07-2; n-octanoic acid; n-caprylic acid; Octylic acid; octoic acid; n-octylic acid; 1-heptanecarboxylic acid; n-Octoic acid; Enantic acid

Frequently Asked Questions

Octanoic acid is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is heptane in which one of the hydrogens of a terminal methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group. Octanoic acid is also known as caprylic acid. It has a role as an antibacterial agent, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a human metabolite. It is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid and a medium-chain fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of an octanoate.

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Editorial standards: Chemical data is sourced from peer-reviewed literature, CAS Registry, NIST WebBook, and PubChem. Safety information reflects guidance from OSHA, ECHA, and IAEA. For educational purposes only — always consult official SDS documentation and qualified professionals before handling chemicals.