F

Fossil Fuels

Quick Reference
Also Known AsNon-renewable energy, coal oil gas, carbon fuels, hydrocarbon fuels

What is Fossil Fuels?

Fossil fuels are energy-rich carbonaceous materials formed over millions of years from the anaerobic decomposition of buried dead organisms. The main types are coal, petroleum (crude oil), and natural gas. They are the primary global energy source but produce greenhouse gases (mainly CO₂) when burned, contributing to climate change. They are non-renewable resources.

Properties & Characteristics

Coal: mainly carbon, formed from plant matter, energy content ~24–35 MJ/kg. Petroleum: complex mixture of hydrocarbons, liquid, energy content ~42–48 MJ/kg. Natural gas: mainly methane (CH₄), energy content ~50–55 MJ/kg. All produce CO₂ and H₂O on complete combustion. Carbon content: coal > oil > natural gas.

Uses & Applications

Electricity generation (coal, natural gas power plants). Transportation fuels (gasoline, diesel, jet fuel from petroleum). Heating (natural gas, heating oil). Feedstocks for petrochemicals and plastics. Industrial processes (steel making uses coal). Fertilizer production (natural gas → ammonia).

Safety Information

Combustion produces CO₂ (greenhouse gas), CO (toxic), NOₓ and SOₓ (acid rain precursors). Mining and drilling hazards. Spills and leaks cause environmental contamination. Non-renewable — finite reserves. Major contributor to global climate change and air pollution.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Fossil Fuels
Synonyms Non-renewable energy, coal oil gas, carbon fuels, hydrocarbon fuels

Frequently Asked Questions

Fossil fuels are energy-rich carbonaceous materials formed over millions of years from the anaerobic decomposition of buried dead organisms. The main types are coal, petroleum (crude oil), and natural gas. They are the primary global energy source but produce greenhouse gases (mainly CO₂) when burned, contributing to climate change. They are non-renewable resources.

More "F" Terms

View all "F" terms →
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z