Supercritical Fluid
| Formula / Notation | Tc > Tc(critical), Pc > Pc(critical); CO₂: Tc=31°C, Pc=73.8 bar |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | SCF, supercritical solvent, near-critical fluid |
What is Supercritical Fluid?
A substance at a temperature and pressure above its critical point, where it has properties intermediate between a liquid and a gas. Supercritical CO₂ is used as a green solvent for extraction of caffeine and fragrances. It diffuses like a gas but dissolves compounds like a liquid.
Formula & Notation
Other Names / Synonyms: SCF, supercritical solvent, near-critical fluid
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
A substance at a temperature and pressure above its critical point, where it has properties intermediate between a liquid and a gas. Supercritical CO₂ is used as a green solvent for extraction of caffeine and fragrances. It diffuses like a gas but dissolves compounds like a liquid.
Supercritical CO₂ is used for extraction of caffeine from coffee, essential oils from plants, and as a dry cleaning solvent. Supercritical fluids are used in chromatography (SFC) for separating chiral compounds. They are used in producing pharmaceutical materials with controlled particle sizes.
Supercritical processes involve high pressures requiring pressure-rated equipment and strict safety protocols. Sudden pressure release can cause rapid phase transition and equipment damage. CO₂ in high concentrations is an asphyxiant.
The formula or notation for Supercritical Fluid is: Tc > Tc(critical), Pc > Pc(critical); CO₂: Tc=31°C, Pc=73.8 bar