States of Matter
| Also Known As | Phase of matter, physical state, matter states, phases of matter |
|---|
What is States of Matter?
The distinct forms in which matter exists, primarily solid, liquid, and gas. A fourth state, plasma, exists at very high temperatures. Each state has characteristic properties determined by intermolecular forces relative to thermal energy. Phase transitions between states involve energy changes.
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
The distinct forms in which matter exists, primarily solid, liquid, and gas. A fourth state, plasma, exists at very high temperatures. Each state has characteristic properties determined by intermolecular forces relative to thermal energy. Phase transitions between states involve energy changes.
Understanding states of matter is fundamental to distillation, crystallisation, and other separation processes. Phase transitions are exploited in refrigeration, steam engines, and industrial drying. The study of states of matter underlies materials science and the design of new materials.
Phase transitions can be hazardous: water boiling too rapidly causes bumping, cryogenic liquids cause frostbite, and flammable gases pose fire risks. Each state of a hazardous substance presents different exposure and containment challenges.