Solubility Rules
| Formula / Notation | Soluble if Ksp > Q; insoluble if Q > Ksp |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Precipitation rules, ionic solubility guidelines, solubility table |
What is Solubility Rules?
A set of generalizations about which ionic compounds are soluble in water. Most nitrates, group 1 salts, and ammonium salts are soluble. Most sulfates are soluble (except BaSO₄, PbSO₄). Most carbonates, phosphates, and hydroxides are insoluble (with exceptions).
Formula & Notation
Other Names / Synonyms: Precipitation rules, ionic solubility guidelines, solubility table
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
A set of generalizations about which ionic compounds are soluble in water. Most nitrates, group 1 salts, and ammonium salts are soluble. Most sulfates are soluble (except BaSO₄, PbSO₄). Most carbonates, phosphates, and hydroxides are insoluble (with exceptions).
Solubility rules are used in precipitation reactions to predict whether a precipitate will form when two salt solutions are mixed. They guide gravimetric analysis in quantitative analytical chemistry. In water treatment, solubility rules predict the removal of ions by precipitation.
Solubility rules help identify soluble forms of toxic heavy metals that may contaminate water supplies. Insoluble precipitates of toxic metals are generally less bioavailable but not necessarily safe.
The formula or notation for Solubility Rules is: Soluble if Ksp > Q; insoluble if Q > Ksp