Surface Tension
| Formula / Notation | γ = F/L; γ(water, 20°C) ≈ 72.8 mN/m |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Interfacial tension, capillary pressure, γ (gamma) |
What is Surface Tension?
The tendency of liquid surfaces to contract and resist rupture, caused by cohesive forces between surface molecules. Surface tension allows insects to walk on water and causes capillary action. It decreases with increasing temperature and is reduced by surfactants (detergents).
Formula & Notation
Other Names / Synonyms: Interfacial tension, capillary pressure, γ (gamma)
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
The tendency of liquid surfaces to contract and resist rupture, caused by cohesive forces between surface molecules. Surface tension allows insects to walk on water and causes capillary action. It decreases with increasing temperature and is reduced by surfactants (detergents).
Surface tension drives capillary action used in chromatography and biological fluid transport. Detergents (surfactants) reduce water's surface tension to improve cleaning. Lung surfactant reduces surface tension in alveoli to prevent collapse during breathing.
Substances that reduce surface tension (surfactants) can enhance penetration of other chemicals through skin and biological membranes. Some surfactants are irritating to skin and eyes.
The formula or notation for Surface Tension is: γ = F/L; γ(water, 20°C) ≈ 72.8 mN/m