The branch of chemistry that studies carbon-containing compounds, including their structure, properties, reactions, and synthesis. Organic chemistry encompasses hydrocarbons, functional group chemistry, reaction mechanisms, and the chemistry of biological molecules.
Properties & Characteristics
Organic chemistry is the branch of chemistry that studies carbon-containing compounds, particularly those with C-H bonds. Carbon's unique ability to form four stable covalent bonds and to catenate (form long chains and rings) results in enormous structural diversity. Organic chemistry encompasses: aliphatic compounds, aromatic compounds, heterocyclic compounds, organometallic compounds, and natural products. Key functional groups drive the reactivity of organic compounds.
Uses & Applications
Organic chemistry is the scientific basis of: pharmaceutical synthesis (most drugs are organic), materials science (plastics, fibres, rubbers, adhesives), agricultural chemicals (pesticides, herbicides), food chemistry, fuels (petroleum hydrocarbons), dyes and pigments, and biotechnology (organic molecules as substrates for enzymes and biosynthesis).
Safety Information
Organic compounds include the most hazardous substances known: nerve agents, dioxins, aflatoxins, and organochlorine pesticides are acutely or chronically toxic organic compounds. Organic solvents are flammable and many are carcinogenic. The huge diversity of organic compounds requires individual hazard assessment rather than group generalisations.
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
The branch of chemistry that studies carbon-containing compounds, including their structure, properties, reactions, and synthesis. Organic chemistry encompasses hydrocarbons, functional group chemistry, reaction mechanisms, and the chemistry of biological molecules.
Organic chemistry is the scientific basis of: pharmaceutical synthesis (most drugs are organic), materials science (plastics, fibres, rubbers, adhesives), agricultural chemicals (pesticides, herbicides), food chemistry, fuels (petroleum hydrocarbons), dyes and pigments, and biotechnology (organic mo…
Organic compounds include the most hazardous substances known: nerve agents, dioxins, aflatoxins, and organochlorine pesticides are acutely or chronically toxic organic compounds. Organic solvents are flammable and many are carcinogenic. The huge diversity of organic compounds requires individual ha…
Editorial standards: Chemical data is sourced from peer-reviewed literature,
CAS Registry, NIST WebBook, and PubChem. Safety information reflects guidance from OSHA, ECHA,
and IAEA. For educational purposes only — always consult official SDS documentation and qualified
professionals before handling chemicals.
