N

Non-Electrolyte

Quick Reference
Also Known AsNon-ionic compound, molecular compound (in solution context), non-ionising solute

What is Non-Electrolyte?

A substance that does not conduct electricity when dissolved in water because it does not dissociate into ions. Non-electrolytes dissolve as intact molecules. Examples include glucose, sucrose, ethanol, and urea. They do affect colligative properties despite not forming ions.

Properties & Characteristics

A non-electrolyte is a substance that does not produce ions when dissolved in water, and therefore its solutions do not conduct electricity (or conduct very poorly). Non-electrolytes are typically molecular covalent compounds that dissolve by dispersion among solvent molecules without ionisation. Examples: glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆), sucrose, ethanol, glycerol, urea. Non-electrolyte solutions still exhibit colligative properties (with van't Hoff factor i = 1).

Uses & Applications

Non-electrolytes are used as: solvents (ethanol, acetone), food and pharmaceutical excipients (glucose, sucrose, glycerol), cryo-protectants (glycerol, DMSO for cell freezing), osmotic pressure agents (sucrose in osmometry), and in colligative property measurements (non-electrolytes have i = 1, simplifying calculations).

Safety Information

Non-electrolyte hazards depend entirely on the compound: ethanol (flammable, narcotic), methanol (acutely toxic), acetone (flammable, irritant), benzene (carcinogen, flammable). The absence of ionisation does not confer safety. Always assess each non-electrolyte compound individually using its SDS.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Non-Electrolyte
Synonyms Non-ionic compound, molecular compound (in solution context), non-ionising solute

Frequently Asked Questions

A substance that does not conduct electricity when dissolved in water because it does not dissociate into ions. Non-electrolytes dissolve as intact molecules. Examples include glucose, sucrose, ethanol, and urea. They do affect colligative properties despite not forming ions.

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