Functional Group
| Formula / Notation | -OH, C=O, -COOH, -NH₂, C=C, C≡C, -X |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Organic functional group, reactive group, substituent, functional moiety |
What is Functional Group?
A reactive group of atoms in an organic molecule that determines its chemical properties and reactions. The same functional group undergoes similar reactions regardless of the rest of the molecule. Recognizing functional groups is fundamental to systematic organic chemistry.
Formula & Notation
Other Names / Synonyms: Organic functional group, reactive group, substituent, functional moiety
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
A reactive group of atoms in an organic molecule that determines its chemical properties and reactions. The same functional group undergoes similar reactions regardless of the rest of the molecule. Recognizing functional groups is fundamental to systematic organic chemistry.
Functional group transformations are at the heart of organic synthesis: converting one functional group to another by defined reactions (functional group interconversions, FGI). This strategy allows systematic construction of target molecules from simpler building blocks in retrosynthetic analysis.
Reactive functional groups (acid chlorides, isocyanates, epoxides, peroxides, diazonium salts) can react violently with air, water, or biological tissues. Proper training in handling reactive functional groups is essential before carrying out organic synthesis.
The formula or notation for Functional Group is: -OH, C=O, -COOH, -NH₂, C=C, C≡C, -X