F

Fission

²³⁵U + n → fission fragments + 2-3n + ~200 MeV
Quick Reference
Formula / Notation²³⁵U + n → fission fragments + 2-3n + ~200 MeV
Also Known AsNuclear fission, induced fission, neutron-induced fission, fission reaction

What is Fission?

The splitting of a heavy atomic nucleus (such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239) into two lighter nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy and neutrons. Nuclear fission is the basis of nuclear power plants and atomic bombs. The released neutrons can trigger chain reactions.

Formula & Notation

²³⁵U + n → fission fragments + 2-3n + ~200 MeV

Other Names / Synonyms: Nuclear fission, induced fission, neutron-induced fission, fission reaction

Properties & Characteristics

Nuclear fission is the splitting of a heavy atomic nucleus (²³⁵U, ²³⁹Pu, ²³³U) into two lighter fission fragments of roughly equal mass, accompanied by release of 2-3 neutrons and about 200 MeV of energy. Fission is induced by thermal (slow) neutrons for ²³⁵U and ²³⁹Pu. The energy released per fission event is millions of times greater than in a chemical reaction. Fission product nuclei are radioactive.

Uses & Applications

Nuclear fission is the energy source in nuclear power reactors (generating ~10% of world electricity), in naval propulsion, and in nuclear weapons. Fission products (I-131, Cs-137, Sr-90) are used in medicine and research but are also the primary radiological hazard in nuclear accidents.

Safety Information

Fission produces intense neutron and gamma radiation, extreme heat, and highly radioactive fission products. Reactors require multi-layered containment, active cooling, and passive safety systems. Nuclear weapons and criticality accidents are catastrophic. All fission work requires stringent nuclear regulatory oversight.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Fission
Formula ²³⁵U + n → fission fragments + 2-3n + ~200 MeV
Synonyms Nuclear fission, induced fission, neutron-induced fission, fission reaction

Frequently Asked Questions

The splitting of a heavy atomic nucleus (such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239) into two lighter nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy and neutrons. Nuclear fission is the basis of nuclear power plants and atomic bombs. The released neutrons can trigger chain reactions.

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