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Fullerenes

C₆₀ (buckminsterfullerene); C₇₀, C₈₄; sp² carbon cage structures
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationC₆₀ (buckminsterfullerene); C₇₀, C₈₄; sp² carbon cage structures
Also Known AsBuckminsterfullerene, buckyballs, C₆₀, carbon cage molecules

What is Fullerenes?

Allotropes of carbon consisting of spherical, ellipsoidal, or cylindrical molecules made of carbon atoms arranged in pentagons and hexagons. Buckminsterfullerene (C₆₀, buckyball) was the first fullerene discovered. Carbon nanotubes are cylindrical fullerenes with exceptional properties.

Formula & Notation

C₆₀ (buckminsterfullerene); C₇₀, C₈₄; sp² carbon cage structures

Other Names / Synonyms: Buckminsterfullerene, buckyballs, C₆₀, carbon cage molecules

Properties & Characteristics

Fullerenes are allotropes of carbon consisting of hollow, cage-like molecules made entirely of sp²-hybridised carbon atoms arranged in pentagons and hexagons. C₆₀ (buckminsterfullerene, "buckyball") has icosahedral symmetry (20 hexagons, 12 pentagons). Carbon nanotubes (single-walled, SWCNT) and graphene are related carbon nanomaterials. Fullerenes exhibit high electron affinity and act as electron acceptors in organic solar cells.

Uses & Applications

Fullerenes are used in: organic photovoltaics (C₆₀ derivatives as electron acceptors), antioxidant research (radical scavenging), HIV protease inhibitor design (C₆₀ fits the active site), lubricants (molecular ball-bearing effect), MRI contrast agents (endohedral Gd@C₈₂), and nanomedicine (drug delivery vehicles).

Safety Information

Fullerene nanoparticles are under active toxicological investigation. C₆₀ generates reactive oxygen species under UV irradiation, potentially causing cell damage. Inhalation of fine fullerene powders may cause pulmonary inflammation; nano-specific risk assessment is required. Handle as a potentially hazardous nanomaterial.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Fullerenes
Formula C₆₀ (buckminsterfullerene); C₇₀, C₈₄; sp² carbon cage structures
Synonyms Buckminsterfullerene, buckyballs, C₆₀, carbon cage molecules

Frequently Asked Questions

Allotropes of carbon consisting of spherical, ellipsoidal, or cylindrical molecules made of carbon atoms arranged in pentagons and hexagons. Buckminsterfullerene (C₆₀, buckyball) was the first fullerene discovered. Carbon nanotubes are cylindrical fullerenes with exceptional properties.

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