Excited State — Chemistry Definition | AllChemicals | AllChemicals

What is Excited State?

An excited state is an energy state of an atom or molecule that is higher than its lowest possible (ground) state energy. Electrons can be promoted to excited states by absorbing energy in the form of light, heat, or electrical discharge. When electrons return to lower energy levels, they release energy as photons, producing characteristic emission spectra. Excited states are central to spectroscopy and photochemistry.

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What is Excited State?

An excited state is an energy state of an atom or molecule that is higher than its lowest possible (ground) state energy. Electrons can be promoted to excited states by absorbing energy in the form of light, heat, or electrical discharge. When electrons return to lower energy levels, they release energy as photons, producing characteristic emission spectra. Excited states are central to spectroscopy and photochemistry.

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Effective Collisions Effective Collisions E ≥ Ea (activation energy required) Effective Molality m_eff = i × m (van't Hoff factor) Effective Nuclear Charge Z_eff = Z − σ (Slater's rules) Efflorescence Hydrated salt losing water in air: M·nH₂O(s) → M·(n-x)H₂O(s) + xH₂O(g) Einsteinium Es Electrical Conductivity κ = 1/ρ; Λm = κ/c Electrochemical Cell Galvanic cell: ΔG = −nFE_cell; Electrolytic cell: ΔG = +nFE_applied Electrochemical Series Arranged by E° (standard reduction potential); SHE: E° = 0.00 V Electrochemistry E° cell = E° cathode − E° anode | ΔG° = −nFE° Electrochemistry Electrode

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