E

Electrolytic Cell

ΔG > 0 (non-spontaneous)
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationΔG > 0 (non-spontaneous)
Also Known AsElectrolysis cell, electrodeposition cell, decomposition cell

What is Electrolytic Cell?

An electrochemical cell that uses electrical energy to drive a non-spontaneous chemical reaction (electrolysis). The power supply forces electrons to flow in the reverse direction compared to a galvanic cell. Used in electroplating, metal refining, and producing reactive metals.

Formula & Notation

ΔG > 0 (non-spontaneous)

Other Names / Synonyms: Electrolysis cell, electrodeposition cell, decomposition cell

Properties & Characteristics

An electrolytic cell is an electrochemical cell that uses an external electrical energy source to drive a non-spontaneous (ΔG > 0) chemical reaction. The positive terminal of the external power supply is connected to the anode (oxidation), and the negative terminal to the cathode (reduction). Faraday's laws govern the amount of substance deposited or evolved. Minimum voltage required = decomposition voltage.

Uses & Applications

Electrolytic cells are used in electroplating (Cu, Cr, Ag, Au deposition), electrolytic refining (copper purification), production of metals (Al, Na, Mg), chlor-alkali process (NaOH + Cl₂ from brine), electrolytic production of H₂ and O₂, and anodising of aluminium.

Safety Information

Electrolytic cells produce gases (H₂, Cl₂, O₂) that can accumulate to explosive or toxic levels. High currents cause heat buildup. Electrode materials may dissolve producing toxic heavy metal ions. Industrial electrolytic cells operate at thousands of amperes, posing severe electrical hazards.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Electrolytic Cell
Formula ΔG > 0 (non-spontaneous)
Synonyms Electrolysis cell, electrodeposition cell, decomposition cell

Frequently Asked Questions

An electrochemical cell that uses electrical energy to drive a non-spontaneous chemical reaction (electrolysis). The power supply forces electrons to flow in the reverse direction compared to a galvanic cell. Used in electroplating, metal refining, and producing reactive metals.

More "E" Terms

View all "E" terms →
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z