Equilibrium
| Formula / Notation | K = [C]^c[D]^d/([A]^a[B]^b); ΔG = ΔG° + RT ln Q |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Chemical equilibrium, dynamic equilibrium, K_eq, reaction equilibrium |
What is Equilibrium?
The state of a reversible chemical reaction at which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal and the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant. Equilibrium does not mean equal concentrations, but rather constant concentrations over time.
Formula & Notation
Other Names / Synonyms: Chemical equilibrium, dynamic equilibrium, K_eq, reaction equilibrium
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
The state of a reversible chemical reaction at which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal and the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant. Equilibrium does not mean equal concentrations, but rather constant concentrations over time.
Equilibrium concepts are applied in industrial chemical processes (optimising yield via Le Chatelier's principle), acid-base chemistry (Ka, Kb, Kw), solubility (Ksp), complexation (formation constants), biochemistry (enzyme active sites, protein folding), and environmental chemistry.
Processes approaching equilibrium may release hazardous species if conditions change. A reaction "at equilibrium" still has both reactant and product present — the reaction has not stopped. Understanding equilibrium prevents the false assumption that a reaction is "complete" when it reaches equilibr…
The formula or notation for Equilibrium is: K = [C]^c[D]^d/([A]^a[B]^b); ΔG = ΔG° + RT ln Q