E

Enthalpy of Neutralisation

ΔH°_neut: H⁺(aq)+OH⁻(aq)→H₂O; strong/strong: −57.1 kJ/mol
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationΔH°_neut: H⁺(aq)+OH⁻(aq)→H₂O; strong/strong: −57.1 kJ/mol
Also Known AsHeat of neutralisation, ΔH_neut, neutralisation enthalpy

What is Enthalpy of Neutralisation?

The heat released when one mole of water is formed by the reaction of an acid with a base under standard conditions. For strong acid-strong base reactions, this value is approximately -57 kJ/mol. Weaker acids or bases give less negative values due to incomplete dissociation.

Formula & Notation

ΔH°_neut: H⁺(aq)+OH⁻(aq)→H₂O; strong/strong: −57.1 kJ/mol

Other Names / Synonyms: Heat of neutralisation, ΔH_neut, neutralisation enthalpy

Properties & Characteristics

The enthalpy of neutralisation is the heat evolved when one mole of water is formed by the reaction of an acid and a base. For strong acid + strong base reactions in dilute aqueous solution, ΔH_neut ≈ −57.1 kJ/mol (the enthalpy of H⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → H₂O(l)). For weak acid or weak base reactions, the value is less negative because energy is required to ionise the weak electrolyte before neutralisation.

Uses & Applications

Enthalpies of neutralisation are used in thermochemical calculations, in calorimetric analysis, in understanding acid strength differences, and in industrial neutralisation process design (heat management in large-scale acid-base reactions).

Safety Information

Concentrated acid-base neutralisations are highly exothermic and can cause boiling and splattering if mixed too quickly. Industrial neutralisation must use controlled addition rates, adequate cooling, and appropriate PPE.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Enthalpy of Neutralisation
Formula ΔH°_neut: H⁺(aq)+OH⁻(aq)→H₂O; strong/strong: −57.1 kJ/mol
Synonyms Heat of neutralisation, ΔH_neut, neutralisation enthalpy

Frequently Asked Questions

The heat released when one mole of water is formed by the reaction of an acid with a base under standard conditions. For strong acid-strong base reactions, this value is approximately -57 kJ/mol. Weaker acids or bases give less negative values due to incomplete dissociation.

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