Electron — Definition, Formula, Properties & Uses | AllChemicals | AllChemicals

Q: What is the formula for Electron?

The formula or notation for Electron is: e⁻; mass = 9.109 × 10⁻³¹ kg; charge = −1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ C

Formula / Notation	e⁻; mass = 9.109 × 10⁻³¹ kg; charge = −1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ C
Also Known As	e⁻, subatomic particle, negatron (to distinguish from positron)

What is Electron?

A subatomic particle with a negative charge of -1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ coulombs and a mass of 9.11 × 10⁻³¹ kg. Electrons occupy orbitals around the nucleus and are responsible for chemical bonding, electrical conductivity, and the chemical properties of elements.

Formula & Notation

e⁻; mass = 9.109 × 10⁻³¹ kg; charge = −1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ C

Other Names / Synonyms: e⁻, subatomic particle, negatron (to distinguish from positron)

Properties & Characteristics

The electron is a fundamental subatomic particle with a negative charge (−e = −1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ C) and a rest mass of 9.109 × 10⁻³¹ kg (about 1/1836 of a proton mass). Electrons occupy quantum energy levels (orbitals) around the atomic nucleus and are described by four quantum numbers (n, l, ml, ms). They are responsible for chemical bonding, electrical conductivity, magnetism, and spectroscopy.

Uses & Applications

Electrons are central to all chemistry (bonding, reactions), electricity (current flow in conductors), electronics (transistors, diodes), spectroscopy (emission and absorption), and medical imaging (electron microscopy, X-ray generation). Electron-positron pairs are used in PET scanning.

Safety Information

Free electrons (beta radiation) are ionising and cause radiation damage to tissues. High-energy electron beams (in CRTs, electron microscopes, radiation therapy) require lead shielding. Static electricity discharges can ignite flammable vapours.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Electron

Formula e⁻; mass = 9.109 × 10⁻³¹ kg; charge = −1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ C

Index All "E" terms

Synonyms e⁻, subatomic particle, negatron (to distinguish from positron)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Electron?

A subatomic particle with a negative charge of -1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ coulombs and a mass of 9.11 × 10⁻³¹ kg. Electrons occupy orbitals around the nucleus and are responsible for chemical bonding, electrical conductivity, and the chemical properties of elements.

What is Electron used for?

Is Electron hazardous?

What is the formula for Electron?

More "E" Terms

Effective Collisions Effective Collisions E ≥ Ea (activation energy required) Effective Molality m_eff = i × m (van't Hoff factor) Effective Nuclear Charge Z_eff = Z − σ (Slater's rules) Efflorescence Hydrated salt losing water in air: M·nH₂O(s) → M·(n-x)H₂O(s) + xH₂O(g) Einsteinium Es Electrical Conductivity κ = 1/ρ; Λm = κ/c Electrochemical Cell Galvanic cell: ΔG = −nFE_cell; Electrolytic cell: ΔG = +nFE_applied Electrochemical Series Arranged by E° (standard reduction potential); SHE: E° = 0.00 V Electrochemistry E° cell = E° cathode − E° anode | ΔG° = −nFE° Electrochemistry Electrode

View all "E" terms →