At constant temperature and pressure, the volumes of reacting gases (and any gaseous products) can be expressed as ratios of small whole numbers.
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Why do copper products change color, and what is the name of the process?
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What's In Your Beverage? How to Ensure Quality Control with CO2 Analytical Support
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Features of the Scanning Tunneling Microscope
The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) invented by Heinrich Rohrer and Gerd Binnig in the 1980s still manages to do a great job today and competes with more advanced microscope types. The scanning tunneling microscope is used for studying the surface atoms that are found on various materials. The...
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Use of diamonds
Diamond is a crystalline modification of pure carbon formed in the deep interior of the Earth, in the upper mantle at depths of more than 80-100 kilometers, at exceptionally high pressure and temperature. It is the most precious stone, the hardest and most wear-resistant mineral, the most...
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Gem-dimethyl group
Two methyl groups of the same carbon atom.
Carbanion
An organic ion carrying a negative charge on a carbon atom.
Catenation
Bonding of atoms of the same element into chains or rings.
The bonding together of atoms of the same element to form chains.
The ability of an element to bond to itself.
Octet Rule
Many representative elements attain at least a share of eight electrons in their valence shells when they form molecular or ionic compounds, there are some limitations.
Molecular Orbital
An orbit resulting from overlap and mixing of atomic orbitals on different atoms. An MO belongs to the molecule as a whole.
Hess' Law of Heat Summation
The enthalpy change for a reaction is the same whether it occurs in one step or a series of steps.
Nuclear Reactor
A system in which controlled nuclear fisson reactions generate heat energy on a large scale, which is subsequently converted into electrical energy.
Biodegradability
The ability of a substance to be broken down into simpler substances by bacteria.
Domain
A cluster of atoms in a ferromagnetic substance, all of which align in the same direction in the presence of an external magnetic field.
Formula Unit
The smallest repeating unit of a substance. The molecule for nonionic substances
