The reaction of a substance with water or its ions.
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Use of diamonds
Diamond is a crystalline modification of pure carbon formed in the deep interior of the Earth, in the upper mantle at depths of more than 80-100 kilometers, at exceptionally high pressure and temperature. It is the most precious stone, the hardest and most wear-resistant mineral, the most...
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Creating Malachite egg
One of the most interesting and obvious chemical experiments is the experiment on the interaction of copper sulfate and calcium carbonate. The latter is contained in the shell of a simple egg, but copper sulphate should be searched in a chemical reagent store. This experience is simple, but...
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Diamonds Are Forever
Diamonds are still a girl's best friend, right? We love the shiny gems. They are the most popular rocks sold today. But what exactly are they, anyway? Where do they come from? What else are they used for?
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Chemistry of the sky
Chemistry can teach us about the composition of celestial bodies and determine their age.
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What are Compound Microscopes?
Most of the microscopes used today are compound. A compound microscope features two or more lenses. A hollow cylinder called the tube connects the two lenses. The top lens, the one people look through, is called the eyepiece. The bottom lens is known as the objective lens. Below the two lenses is...
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Law of Conservation of Matter and Energy
The total amount of matter and energy available in the universe is fixed.
van der Waals' Equation
An equation of state that extends the ideal gas law to real gases by inclusion of two empirically determined parameters, which are different for different gases.
Ideal Gas
A hypothetical gas that obeys exactly all postulates of the kinetic-molecular theory.
Salicylaldehyde
An oily, slightly water-soluble liquid, C7H6O2, having an almondlike odor: used chiefly in perfumery and in the synthesis of coumarin.
Equilibrium or Chemical Equilibrium
A state of dynamic balance in which the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal, the state of a system when neither forward or reverse reaction is thermodynamically favored.
Nuclear Reactor
A system in which controlled nuclear fisson reactions generate heat energy on a large scale, which is subsequently converted into electrical energy.
Mixture
A sample of matter composed of two or more substances, each of which retains its identity and properties.
Gamma Ray
High energy electromagnetic radiation. A highly penetrating type of nuclear radiation similar to x-ray radiation, except that it comes from within the nucleus of an atom and has a higher energy. Energywise, very similar to cosmic ray except that cosmic rays originate from outer space.
Fractional Precipitation
Removal of some ions from solution by precipitation while leaving other ions with similar properties in solution.
Reducing Agent
The substance that reduces another substance and is oxidized.
