The reaction of a substance with water or its ions.
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Third Law of Thermodynamics
The entropy of a hypothetical pure, perfect, crystalline sustance at absolute zero temperature is zero.
Nuclear Binding Energy
Energy equivalent of the mass deficiency, energy released in the formation of an atom from the subatomic particles.
Molecular Weight
The mass of one molecule of a nonionic substance in atomic mass units.
Pairing Energy
Energy required to pair two electrons in the same orbital.
Cloud Chamber
A device for observing the paths of speeding particiles as vapor molecules condense on them to form foglike tracks.
Hybridization
Mixing a set of atomic orbitals to form a new set of atomic orbitals with the same total electron capacity and with properties and energies intermediate between those of the original unhybridized orbitals.
Tetrahedral
A term used to describe molecules and polyatomic ions that have one atom in center and four atoms at the corners of a tetrahedron.
Ion
An atom or a group of atoms that carries an electric charge.
Percent Purity
The percent of a specified compound or element in an impure sample.
Addition Reaction
A reaction in which two atoms or groups of atoms are added to a molecule, one on each side of a double or triple bond. Types of addition reaction include electrophilic, nucleophilic (polar) and free radical addition (non-polar).
