A vertical column in the periodic table, also called a family.
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Fossil Fuels
Substances consisting largely of hydrocarbons, derived from decay of organic materials under geological conditions of high pressure and temperature (metamorphism) include coal, petroleum, natural gas, peat and oil shale. For further information see Fuel Chemistry
Molality
Concentration expressed as number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent.
Absolute Zero
The zero point on the absolute temperature scale, -273.15°C or 0 K, theoretically, the temperature at which molecular motion ceases. The concept of an absolute zero temperature was first deduced from experiments with gases. When a fixed volume of gas is cooled, its pressure decreases with its temperature. Absolute zero physically possesses quantum mechanical zero-point energy.
Hydrogen
Discovered : by Henry Cavendish in 1766.
Isolated in London, UK.
Origin : The name is derived from the Greek ‘hydro genes’, meaning water forming.
Description :A colourless, odourless gas that burns and can form an explosive mixture with air. It is currently manufactured from methane gas, but is also produced by the electrolysis of water and aqueous salts. The gas is used to make such key materials as ammonia, cyclohexane and methanol, which are intermediates in the production of fertilisers, plastics and pharmaceuticals. Some see hydrogen gas as the clean fuel of the future - generated from water and returning to water when it is oxidised. Hydrogen-powered fuel cells are increasingly being seen as pollution-free sources of energy.
Vapor Pressure
The particle pressure of a vapor at the surface of its parent liquid.
Electron
A subatomic particle having a mass of 0.00054858 amu and a charge of 1-.
Group
A vertical column in the periodic table, also called a family.
Polyene
A compound that contains more than one double bond per molecule.
Supercritical Fluid
A substance at temperature above its critical temperature.
Evaporation Rate
The rate at which a particular substance will vapourize (evaporate) when compared to the rate of a known substance such as ethyl ether. This term is especially useful for health and fire-hazard considerations.
