The rates of effusion of gases are inversely proportional to the square roots of their molecular weights or densities.
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Mass Action Expression
For a reversible reaction, aA + bB cC + dD the product of the concentrations of the products (species on the right), each raised to the power that corresponds to its coefficient in the balanced chemical equation, divided by the product of the concentrations of reactants (species on the left), each raised to the power that corresponds to its coefficient in the balanced chemical equation. At equilibrium the mass action expression is equal to K, at other times it is Q.[C]c[D]d [A]a[B]b = Q, or at equilibrium K.
Group
A vertical column in the periodic table, also called a family.
What's In Your Beverage? How to Ensure Quality Control with CO2 Analytical Support
Calibration standards, performance audits, and the FDA's never-ending safety, labeling, and inspection requirements are just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to dealing with the increasingly stringent quality control standards of the beverage industry.
As these quality standards become stricter, beverage producers are increasingly called upon to get products to market faster using fewer resources, while simultaneously managing ingredient quality, and ultimately, risk.
Tetrahedral
A term used to describe molecules and polyatomic ions that have one atom in center and four atoms at the corners of a tetrahedron.
Ionization Energy
The minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely held electron of an isolated gaseous atom or ion.
Electron Deficient Compounds
Compounds that contain at least one atom (other than H) that shares fewer than eight electrons.
Ideal Gas
A hypothetical gas that obeys exactly all postulates of the kinetic-molecular theory.
Mixture
A sample of matter composed of two or more substances, each of which retains its identity and properties.
yield
The quantity of product formed by the interaction of two or more substances, generally expressed as a percentage of the quantity obtained to that theoretically obtainable.
Electrophoresis
A technique for separation of ions by rate and direction of migration in an electric field.
