Any state other than the ground state of an atom or molecule.
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Creating Malachite egg
One of the most interesting and obvious chemical experiments is the experiment on the interaction of copper sulfate and calcium carbonate. The latter is contained in the shell of a simple egg, but copper sulphate should be searched in a chemical reagent store. This experience is simple, but...
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Protein Design: Automated protein discovery and synthesis
In this paper I describe (theoretically) the method(s) of automated protein discovery and synthesis.
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Features of the Scanning Tunneling Microscope
The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) invented by Heinrich Rohrer and Gerd Binnig in the 1980s still manages to do a great job today and competes with more advanced microscope types. The scanning tunneling microscope is used for studying the surface atoms that are found on various materials. The...
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Harmful Chemicals Found In Food
It's getting close to New Years and many people are starting to think about how to lose those extra pounds they managed to gain over the holidays. There are many sorts of diets and fads that have developed over the years from cutting carbs to cutting protein. Everyone has their own opinion as to...
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What's In Your Beverage? How to Ensure Quality Control with CO2 Analytical Support
Calibration standards, performance audits, and the FDA's never-ending safety, labeling, and inspection requirements are just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to dealing with the increasingly stringent quality control standards of the beverage industry. As these quality standards become...
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ytterbia
Ytterbia is a colorless compound, Yb2O3, used in certain alloys and ceramics. Also known as ytterbium oxide.
Activity Series
A listing of metals (and hydrogen) in order of decreasing activity.
Density
Density is the ratio b/w Mass and Volume: D=M/V
Collision Theory
Theory of reaction rates that states that effective collisions between reactant molecules must occur in order for the reaction to occur.
Extrapolate
To estimate the value of a result outside the range of a series of known values. Technique used in standard additions calibration procedure.
Mechanism
The sequence of steps by which reactants are converted into products.
Outer Orbital Complex
Valence bond designation for a complex in which the metal ion utilizes d orbitals in the outermost (occupied) shell in hybridization.
Periodic Table of Elements
An arrangement of elements in order of increasing atomic numbers that also emphasizes periodicity.
Calorie
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water from 14.5°C to 15.5°C. 1 calorie = 4.184 joules.
Melting Point
The temperature at which liquid and solid coexist in equilibrium, also the freezing point.
