Any state other than the ground state of an atom or molecule.
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Ozone
We breathe 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, consuming about 25 kg of air every day. It turns out that we practically predetermine our health by the air we breathe.
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Why do copper products change color, and what is the name of the process?
Probably, every person wants to know, why over time the copper turns green and becomes bloomed. This is easy to explain: that film is called patina.
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Use of diamonds
Diamond is a crystalline modification of pure carbon formed in the deep interior of the Earth, in the upper mantle at depths of more than 80-100 kilometers, at exceptionally high pressure and temperature. It is the most precious stone, the hardest and most wear-resistant mineral, the most...
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Harmful Chemicals Found In Food
It's getting close to New Years and many people are starting to think about how to lose those extra pounds they managed to gain over the holidays. There are many sorts of diets and fads that have developed over the years from cutting carbs to cutting protein. Everyone has their own opinion as to...
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Chemistry of the sky
Chemistry can teach us about the composition of celestial bodies and determine their age.
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Condensed Phases
The liquid and solid phases, phases in which particles interact strongly.
Exothermicity
The release of heat by a system as a process occurs.
Combination Reaction
Reaction in which two substances (elements or compounds) combine to form one compound.
Saponification
Hydrolysis of esters in the presence of strong soluable bases.
Phosphoric Acid
H3P04, Colorless liquid or rhombic crystals, decomposes before it will boil. Used mostly in the metal etchant. Used in cleaning operations to remove encrusted surface matter and mineral scale found on metal equipment such as boilers and steam producing equipment. Also used to brighten metals and remove rust.
Polarimeter
A device used to measure optical activity.
Nickel-cadmium cell (Nicad battery)
A dry cell in which the anode is Cd, the cathode is NiO2, and the electrolyte is basic.
Proton
A subatomic particle having a mass of 1.0073 amu and a charge of +1, found in thew nuclei of atoms.
Functional Group
A group of atoms that represents a potential reaction site in an organic compound.
Emulsifying Agent
A sustance that coats the particles of the dispersed phase and prevents coagulation of colloidal particles, an emulsifier.
