The relative order of tendencies for elements and their simple ions to act as oxidizing or reducing agents, also called the activity series.
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Oxidation Numbers
Arbitrary numbers that can be used as mechanical aids in writing formulas and balancing equations, for single- atom ions they correspond to the charge on the ion, more electronegative atoms are assigned negative oxidation numbers (also called Oxidation states).
Saccharate
A compound formed by interaction of sucrose with a metallic oxide, usually lime, and useful in the purification of sugar.
Electrophoresis
A technique for separation of ions by rate and direction of migration in an electric field.
Critical Point
The combination of critical temperature and critical pressure of a substance.
Formal Charge
A method of counting electrons in a covalently bonded molecule or ion, counts bonding electrons as though they were equally shared between the two atoms.
Phosphorus Oxychloride
Colorless to slightly yellow fuming liquid.
Mol. Wt.: 153.39
M.P.: 20C
B.P.: 105.1C
Density: 1.685 @ 15.5C
Vapor Pressure: 40 mm @ 27.3C
Vapor Density: 5.3
Used as the phosphorus source for phosphorus diffusion.
Native State
Refers to the occurrence of an element in an uncombined or free state in nature.
Entropy
A thermodynamic state or property that measures the degree of disorder or randomness of a system.
pH
Negative logarithm of the concentration (mol/L) of the H3O+[H+] ion, scale is commonly used over a range 0 to 14.
Solute
The dispersed (dissolved) phase of a solution.
